{"id":828,"date":"2025-07-19T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-07-19T12:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ouyangminwei.com\/?p=828"},"modified":"2025-07-18T09:11:14","modified_gmt":"2025-07-18T09:11:14","slug":"ten-days-of-void","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ouyangminwei.com\/index.php\/2025\/07\/19\/ten-days-of-void\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5341\u65e5\u865b\u7a7a\uff1a\u4e00\u5834\u6559\u5b97\u8a54\u4ee4\u5982\u4f55\u91cd\u5851\u6642\u9593\u8207\u6b77\u53f2"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\uff1a\u6d88\u5931\u4e4b\u8b0e\uff1a\u4e00\u5834\u5168\u7403\u6642\u9593\u7aca\u6848\u7684\u5c0e\u8ad6<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6211\u5011\u9019\u500b\u7531\u6578\u4f4d\u8a0a\u865f\u548c\u7cbe\u78ba\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u88e1\uff0c\u6642\u9593\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u800c\u9023\u7e8c\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6253\u958b\u60a8\u624b\u6a5f\u6216\u96fb\u8166\u4e0a\u7684\u65e5\u66c6\uff0c\u56de\u6eaf\u52301582\u5e74\u768410\u6708\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u5947\u7570\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u4fbf\u6703\u6d6e\u73fe\uff1a\u572810\u67084\u65e5\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u7dca\u63a5\u8457\u7684\u4e26\u975e5\u65e5\uff0c\u800c\u662f10\u670815\u65e5\u3002\u9019\u4e2d\u9593\u7684\u5341\u5929\u2014\u201410\u67085\u65e5\u81f314\u65e5\u2014\u2014\u6191\u7a7a\u6d88\u5931\u4e86 <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u9019\u4e26\u975e\u8edf\u9ad4\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u67d0\u7a2e\u9748\u7570\u50b3\u8aaa\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u7d93\u904e\u7cbe\u5fc3\u7b56\u5283\u3001\u5f71\u97ff\u6df1\u9060\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u4e00\u5834\u582a\u7a31\u5168\u7403\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u300c\u6642\u9593\u7aca\u6848\u300d\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u8d77\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u6e90\u65bc\u4e00\u5834\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u6539\u9769\u300d\uff08Gregorian reform\uff09\u7684\u66c6\u6cd5\u9769\u547d\u3002\u5b83\u7531\u7576\u6642\u7684\u7f85\u99ac\u6559\u5b97\u984d\u6211\u7565\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\uff08Pope Gregory XIII\uff09\u9812\u5e03\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u4fee\u6b63\u6cbf\u7528\u5df2\u4e45\u7684\u300c\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u300d\uff08Julian calendar\uff09\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u7d2f\u7a4d\u4e86\u4e0a\u5343\u5e74\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f\u932f\u8aa4 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&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u5b8c\u6574\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u6d88\u5931\u7684\u5341\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u8e0f\u4e0a\u4e00\u8d9f\u7a7f\u8d8a\u6642\u7a7a\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b\u3002\u9019\u6bb5\u65c5\u7a0b\u5c07\u59cb\u65bc\u53e4\u7f85\u99ac\u7684\u51f1\u6492\u5927\u5e1d\uff0c\u9014\u7d93\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u795e\u5b78\u5c0d\u5fa9\u6d3b\u7bc0\u65e5\u671f\u7684\u57f7\u8457\uff0c\u898b\u8b49\u6587\u85dd\u5fa9\u8208\u6642\u671f\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u7684\u5049\u5927\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u6372\u5165\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u6240\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u98a8\u66b4\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u95dc\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u5982\u4f55\u5617\u8a66\u7528\u4e0d\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u53bb\u5ea6\u91cf\u5b8f\u5927\u5b87\u5b99\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7576\u9019\u7a2e\u5ea6\u91cf\u8207\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u7bc0\u5f8b\u7522\u751f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u8996\u7684\u504f\u5dee\u6642\uff0c\u6240\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u9023\u9396\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u5225\u503c\u5f97\u6df1\u601d\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4eca\u65e5\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u8f15\u6613\u5728\u6578\u4f4d\u8a2d\u5099\u4e0a\u767c\u73fe\u9019\u500b\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u300c\u7f3a\u53e3\u300d\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u5834\u6539\u9769\u6df1\u9060\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u8ff4\u97ff\u3002\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\uff0c\u56db\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u9053\u6559\u5b97\u8a54\u4ee4\uff0c\u5176\u6839\u6e90\u6df1\u690d\u65bc\u795e\u5b78\u8faf\u8ad6\u8207\u5929\u6587\u89c0\u6e2c\uff0c\u5176\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7adf\u80fd\u7a7f\u900f\u6578\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5d4c\u516521\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u8edf\u9ad4\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u860b\u679c\u548cGoogle\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u5fc5\u9808\u5728\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u4e2d\u7279\u610f\u7de8\u5165\u9019\u6bb5\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u300c\u4e0d\u898f\u5247\u300d\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u65e5\u66c6\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u6e96\u78ba\u6027\u3002\u9019\u689d\u5f9e16\u4e16\u7d00\u68b5\u8482\u5ca1\u5ef6\u4f38\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\u77fd\u8c37\u7684\u7121\u5f62\u7d72\u7dda\uff0c\u751f\u52d5\u5730\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u9019\u6b21\u66c6\u6cd5\u6539\u9769\u5982\u4f55\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u4fee\u6b63\u4e86\u65e5\u671f\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u6c38\u4e45\u5730\u91cd\u5851\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u8a18\u9304\u6642\u9593\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\uff1a\u51f1\u6492\u6642\u9418\u7684\u7455\u75b5\uff1a\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u53ca\u5176\u6f2b\u9577\u7684\u9670\u5f71<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u8ffd\u6eaf\u9019\u5834\u66c6\u6cd5\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\u6e90\u982d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u56de\u5230\u516c\u5143\u524d\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u7f85\u99ac\u5171\u548c\u570b\u3002\u5728\u5c24\u5229\u70cf\u65af\u00b7\u51f1\u6492\uff08Julius Caesar\uff09\u638c\u6b0a\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7f85\u99ac\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u66c6\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u6df7\u4e82\u4e0d\u582a\u7684\u9670\u66c6\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002\u9019\u5957\u66c6\u6cd5\u6bcf\u5e74\u53ea\u6709\u5341\u500b\u6708\uff0c\u9577\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4e00\uff0c\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u7531\u796d\u53f8\u5718\uff08Pontifices\uff09\u6839\u64da\u653f\u6cbb\u6216\u500b\u4eba\u610f\u9858\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b9a\u671f\u5730\u63d2\u5165\u300c\u958f\u6708\u300d\u4f86\u8207\u5b63\u7bc0\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u4eba\u70ba\u5e72\u9810\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u66c6\u6cd5\u6975\u6613\u88ab\u64cd\u7e31\uff0c\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5176\u4f5c\u70ba\u516c\u5171\u6642\u9593\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u4fe1\u8b7d <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7f85\u99ac\u7684\u9769\u65b0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u516c\u5143\u524d46\u5e74\uff0c\u51f1\u6492\u5728\u57c3\u53ca\u4e9e\u6b77\u5c71\u5353\u57ce\u63a5\u89f8\u5230\u66f4\u70ba\u5148\u9032\u7684\u592a\u967d\u66c6\u7cfb\u7d71\u5f8c\uff0c\u6c7a\u5fc3\u5c0d\u7f85\u99ac\u66c6\u6cd5\u9032\u884c\u5fb9\u5e95\u6539\u9769\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u57c3\u53ca\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\u7d22\u897f\u7434\u5c3c\uff08Sosigenes of Alexandria\uff09\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u4e00\u5957\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u66c6\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u2014\u2014\u8a95\u751f\u4e86 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class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5341\u4e00\u5206\u9418\u7684\u554f\u984c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u96d6\u7136\u5353\u8d8a\uff0c\u537b\u5167\u542b\u4e00\u500b\u5fae\u5c0f\u4f46\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u7455\u75b5\u3002\u5b83\u5c07\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u9577\u5ea6\u5b9a\u70ba365.25\u5929 <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u4f46\u6839\u64da\u73fe\u4ee3\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u7684\u7cbe\u78ba\u6e2c\u91cf\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u570d\u7e5e\u592a\u967d\u516c\u8f49\u4e00\u5468\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u56de\u6b78\u5e74\u300d\uff08tropical year\uff09\uff0c\u5927\u7d04\u662f &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>365.2422\u5929 <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u9019\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u7d0411\u520614\u79d2\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd <sup><\/sup>\u3002 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class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u7de9\u6162\u7d2f\u7a4d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u77ed\u66ab\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u4e2d\uff0c\u901911\u5206\u9418\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee\u5e7e\u4e4e\u7121\u6cd5\u5bdf\u89ba\u3002\u4f46\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u9060\u8d85\u500b\u4eba\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee\u6703\u4e0d\u65b7\u7d2f\u7a4d\uff0c\u5927\u7d04\u6bcf128\u5e74\u5c31\u6703\u7d2f\u7a4d\u6210\u4e00\u6574\u5929\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u5230\u4e8616\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u5df2\u7d93\u904b\u884c\u4e86\u8d85\u904e1600\u5e74\uff0c\u7d2f\u7a4d\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee\u5df2\u7d93\u9054\u5230\u4e86\u9a5a\u4eba\u768410\u5929\u5de6\u53f3 <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u9019\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u4e0a\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u6625\u5206\u9ede\uff08\u592a\u967d\u76f4\u5c04\u8d64\u9053\u7684\u6642\u523b\uff09\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u5f9e\u65e5\u66c6\u4e0a\u76843\u670821\u65e5\uff0c\u6f02\u79fb\u5230\u4e863\u670811\u65e5\u5de6\u53f3\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f9e\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u7684\u7455\u75b5\u4e26\u975e\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u932f\u8aa4\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5176\u6642\u4ee3\u6280\u8853\u8207\u89c0\u6e2c\u80fd\u529b\u6975\u9650\u7684\u7522\u7269\u3002\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u7cbe\u5bc6\u671b\u9060\u93e1\u548c\u539f\u5b50\u9418\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u8db3\u5920\u597d\u300d\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u512a\u5148\u8003\u616e\u4e86\u898f\u5247\u7684\u7c21\u6f54\u6027\u800c\u975e\u7d55\u5c0d\u7684\u7cbe\u78ba\u5ea6\u3002\u9019\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u79d1\u6280\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e00\u500b\u666e\u904d\u7684\u898f\u5f8b\uff1a\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u5f80\u5f80\u53d7\u9650\u65bc\u7576\u6642\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7576\u5176\u7d2f\u7a4d\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee\u5f15\u767c\u4e86\u7121\u6cd5\u5bb9\u5fcd\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\u6642\uff0c\u624d\u6703\u88ab\u66f4\u5148\u9032\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002\u800c\u89f8\u767c\u9019\u5834\u66c6\u6cd5\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u6c11\u751f\u6216\u884c\u653f\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u4fbf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u554f\u984c\u3002\u9019\u4e5f\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u4f55\u70ba\u300c\u4e0d\u53ef\u5bb9\u5fcd\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee\u300d\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u8207\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e00\u500b16\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u8fb2\u592b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c10\u5929\u7684\u5b63\u7bc0\u6f02\u79fb\u6216\u8a31\u7121\u95dc\u75db\u7662\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0d\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u7dad\u8b77\u795e\u8056\u79ae\u5100\u7cbe\u78ba\u6027\u7684\u6559\u6703\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u9019\u5df2\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u5834\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5371\u6a5f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\uff1a\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8207\u6642\u9593\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\uff1a\u5fa9\u6d3b\u7bc0\u7684\u6f02\u79fb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5f9e\u4e00\u500b\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u66f8\u9f4b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6f14\u8b8a\u6210\u4e00\u5834\u5e2d\u6372\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u6539\u9769\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u5176\u6839\u672c\u9a45\u52d5\u529b\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4fe1\u4ef0\u2014\u2014\u5fa9\u6d3b\u7bc0\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u8a08\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u6703\u8b70\u7684\u898f\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u516c\u5143325\u5e74\uff0c\u7f85\u99ac\u7687\u5e1d\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u4e00\u4e16\u53ec\u958b\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u5927\u516c\u6703\u8b70\uff08First Council of Nicaea\uff09\u3002\u9019\u6b21\u6703\u8b70\u65e8\u5728\u7d71\u4e00\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6559\u7fa9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u9805\u91cd\u8981\u6c7a\u8b70\u4fbf\u662f\u898f\u7bc4\u4e86\u5fa9\u6d3b\u7bc0\u7684\u6176\u795d\u65e5\u671f\u3002\u6703\u8b70\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u5fa9\u6d3b\u7bc0\u61c9\u5728\u300c\u6625\u5206\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u6eff\u6708\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u661f\u671f\u65e5\u300d\u8209\u884c <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u6703\u8b70\u5c07\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u4e2d\u76843\u670821\u65e5\u5b9a\u70ba\u6559\u6703\u8a8d\u53ef\u7684\u6625\u5206\u65e5 <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u689d\u898f\u5b9a\u5c07\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6700\u795e\u8056\u7684\u7bc0\u65e5\u8207\u4e00\u500b\u5929\u6587\u73fe\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u6625\u5206\u2014\u2014\u7dca\u5bc6\u5730\u7d81\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u5728\u96a8\u5f8c\u7684\u5e7e\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u88e1\uff0c\u9019\u5957\u898f\u5247\u904b\u4f5c\u826f\u597d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee\u4e0d\u65b7\u7d2f\u7a4d\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u795e\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u7a98\u5883\u9010\u6f38\u6d6e\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u795e\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u5229\u5bb3\u95dc\u4fc2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5230\u4e8616\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u65e5\u66c6\u4e0a\u76843\u670821\u65e5\u8207\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u6625\u5206\u5df2\u7d93\u76f8\u5dee\u4e8610\u5929\u3002\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\uff0c\u7576\u6559\u6703\u6309\u7167\u65e5\u66c6\u4e0a\u76843\u670821\u65e5\u4f86\u63a8\u7b97\u5fa9\u6d3b\u7bc0\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6625\u5206\u5230\u4f86\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u958b\u59cb\u8a08\u7b97\u4e86\u3002\u9019\u9055\u80cc\u4e86\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u6703\u8b70\u300c\u6625\u5206\u4e4b\u5f8c\u300d\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u5247\u3002\u5fa9\u6d3b\u7bc0\u662f\u6574\u500b\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u79ae\u5100\u5e74\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5176\u65e5\u671f\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e86\u56db\u5341\u5929\u9f4b\u671f\uff08Lent\uff09\u3001\u8036\u7a4c\u5347\u5929\u7bc0\uff08Ascension\uff09\u548c\u8056\u9748\u964d\u81e8\u7bc0\uff08Pentecost\uff09\u7b49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u91cd\u8981\u7bc0\u65e5\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u6642\u9593 <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c0d\u65bc\u7576\u6642\u7684\u6559\u6703\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6280\u8853\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5728\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u6642\u9593\u6176\u795d\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u5fa9\u6d3b\uff0c\u662f\u5c0d\u795e\u8056\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u80cc\u53db\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5c0d\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u5275\u9020\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u6f20\u8996\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u5929\u6587\u89c0\u6e2c\u6280\u8853\u7684\u9032\u6b65\uff0c\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u770b\u5230\u65e5\u66c6\u8207\u5929\u8c61\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u812b\u7bc0\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u7684\u547c\u8072\u4e5f\u65e5\u76ca\u9ad8\u6f32 <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u500b\u919e\u91c0\u5df2\u4e45\u7684\u554f\u984c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c0d\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u4e26\u975e16\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u7a81\u767c\u5947\u60f3\u3002\u65e9\u572814\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u5b78\u8005\u5982\u7d05\u8863\u4e3b\u6559\u76ae\u57c3\u723e\u00b7\u6234\u5229\uff08Pierre d&#8217;Ailly\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u6539\u9769\u65b9\u6848\u300215\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u5eab\u85a9\u7684\u5c3c\u53e4\u62c9\u65af\uff08Nicholas of Cusa\uff09\u4e5f\u66fe\u8a08\u7b97\u51fa\u8aa4\u5dee\u4e26\u5efa\u8b70\u4fee\u6b63\u3002\u572816\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0c\u7279\u502b\u7279\u5927\u516c\u6703\u8b70\uff08Council of Trent\uff09\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u6709\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u7c73\u5fb7\u723e\u5821\u7684\u4fdd\u7f85\uff08Paul of Middelburg\uff09\uff0c\u5411\u6559\u5ef7\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e86\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u6539\u9769\u8a08\u5283 <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u90fd\u56e0\u7a2e\u7a2e\u539f\u56e0\u800c\u672a\u80fd\u5be6\u73fe\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u66c6\u6cd5\u6539\u9769\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u6975\u5176\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u727d\u4e00\u9aee\u800c\u52d5\u5168\u8eab\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u5167\u90e8\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6163\u6027\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5c0d\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u6539\u52d5\u90fd\u6703\u5f15\u767c\u722d\u8b70\u3002\u76f4\u523016\u4e16\u7d00\u5f8c\u671f\uff0c\u7576\u8aa4\u5dee\u8b8a\u5f97\u518d\u4e5f\u7121\u6cd5\u5ffd\u8996\uff0c\u4e14\u6559\u6703\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u7684\u885d\u64ca\u4e0b\u6025\u9700\u91cd\u7533\u5176\u6b0a\u5a01\u6642\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u7684\u6642\u6a5f\u624d\u7d42\u65bc\u6210\u719f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u6539\u9769\u7684\u6574\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u70ba\u795e\u5b78\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u7d93\u5178\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u5176\u52d5\u6a5f\u662f\u7d14\u7cb9\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u6027\u7684\u2014\u2014\u78ba\u4fdd\u5fa9\u6d3b\u7bc0\u5728\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u6642\u9593\u8209\u884c\uff1b\u4f46\u5176\u5be6\u65bd\u5247\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u7576\u6642\u6700\u9802\u5c16\u7684\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u548c\u6578\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u3002\u9019\u6bb5\u6b77\u53f2\u6311\u6230\u4e86\u73fe\u4ee3\u4eba\u5c0d\u65bc\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u5b97\u6559\u5fc5\u7136\u5c0d\u7acb\u7684\u7c21\u5316\u6558\u4e8b\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u6642\u523b\uff0c\u5169\u8005\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u5171\u751f\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1a\u6559\u6703\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6539\u9769\u7684\u52d5\u529b\u3001\u6b0a\u5a01\u548c\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u5247\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5be6\u73fe\u9019\u4e00\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u7cbe\u78ba\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u7406\u8ad6\u4f9d\u64da <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\uff1a\u6559\u5b97\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff1a\u65b0\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9762\u5c0d\u65e5\u76ca\u56b4\u5cfb\u7684\u66c6\u6cd5\u5371\u6a5f\uff0c\u6559\u5b97\u984d\u6211\u7565\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u65bc1570\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e0b\u5b9a\u6c7a\u5fc3\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5c08\u9580\u7684\u6539\u9769\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff0c\u532f\u96c6\u4e86\u7576\u6642\u6b50\u6d32\u6700\u5091\u51fa\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u8207\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u52de\u6c38\u9038\u5730\u89e3\u6c7a\u9019\u500b\u56f0\u64fe\u4e86\u6559\u6703\u6578\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u96e3\u984c <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u4eba\u7269<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u5834\u667a\u6167\u7684\u4ea4\u92d2\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e09\u4f4d\u6838\u5fc3\u4eba\u7269\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u5171\u540c\u9444\u5c31\u4e86\u66c6\u6cd5\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u9019\u4e00\u5049\u5927\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u963f\u6d1b\u4f0a\u4fee\u65af\u00b7\u91cc\u5229\u70cf\u65af\uff08Aloysius Lilius, \u7d041510\u20131576\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u91cc\u5229\u70cf\u65af\u662f\u9019\u5834\u6539\u9769\u7684\u5e55\u5f8c\u529f\u81e3\u8207\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u300c\u9996\u5275\u8005\u300d <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u4f86\u81ea\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u5357\u90e8\u7684\u91ab\u751f\u3001\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u6191\u85c9\u5176\u6df1\u539a\u7684\u5b78\u8b58\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a2d\u8a08\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u5929\u624d\u822c\u7684\u6539\u9769\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u91cc\u5229\u70cf\u65af\u57281576\u5e74\u4fbf\u8207\u4e16\u9577\u8fad\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u89aa\u773c\u898b\u8b49\u5176\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u5be6\u65bd\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u624b\u7a3f\u7531\u5176\u5144\u5f1f\u5b89\u6771\u5c3c\u5967\uff08Antonio Lilius\uff09\u5448\u4ea4\u7d66\u6559\u5b97\u984d\u6211\u7565\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\uff0c\u4e26\u6210\u70ba\u4e86\u6539\u9769\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u790e <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u91cc\u5229\u70cf\u65af\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u7cbe\u9ad3\u5728\u65bc\u5169\u9ede\uff1a\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u66f4\u70ba\u7cbe\u78ba\u7684\u7f6e\u958f\u898f\u5247\u4f86\u4fee\u6b63\u592a\u967d\u5e74\u7684\u9577\u5ea6\uff1b\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u767c\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u300c\u66c6\u524d\u5dee\u300d\uff08Epact\uff09\u9031\u671f\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u63a8\u7b97\u9670\u66c6\u7684\u6708\u76f8\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u80fd\u5920\u6e96\u78ba\u5730\u78ba\u5b9a\u5fa9\u6d3b\u7bc0\u6eff\u6708\u7684\u65e5\u671f\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u5176\u8207\u4fee\u6b63\u5f8c\u7684\u592a\u967d\u5e74\u5354\u8abf\u4e00\u81f4 <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u6258\u4f5b\u00b7\u514b\u62c9\u70cf\uff08Christopher Clavius, 1538\u20131612\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8aaa\u91cc\u5229\u70cf\u65af\u662f\u6539\u9769\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u5e2b\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5fb7\u570b\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u514b\u62c9\u70cf\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u5ea7\u5b8f\u5049\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u7e3d\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u8207\u9996\u5e2d\u8faf\u8b77\u4eba <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u6559\u5b97\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u4e2d\u6700\u5177\u8072\u671b\u7684\u6210\u54e1\uff0c\u514b\u62c9\u70cf\u627f\u64d4\u4e86\u5be9\u67e5\u3001\u5b8c\u5584\u4e26\u6700\u7d42\u63a8\u85a6\u91cc\u5229\u70cf\u65af\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u91cd\u4efb <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u4ed6\u4ee5\u5176\u56b4\u8b39\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u9a57\u8b49\u4e86\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u5c0d\u5176\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u7f6e\u958f\u898f\u5247\u2014\u2014\u300c\u516c\u5143\u5e74\u4efd\u5982\u80fd\u88ab4\u6574\u9664\uff0c\u5247\u70ba\u958f\u5e74\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u516c\u5143\u5e74\u4efd\u80fd\u88ab100\u6574\u9664\uff0c\u5247\u5fc5\u9808\u4e5f\u80fd\u88ab400\u6574\u9664\u624d\u662f\u958f\u5e74\u300d\u2014\u2014\u88ab\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u5b8c\u5168\u63a1\u7d0d\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3 <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u57281582\u5e74\u66c6\u6cd5\u9812\u5e03\u5f8c\uff0c\u514b\u62c9\u70cf\u64b0\u5beb\u4e86\u9577\u9054800\u9801\u7684\u300a\u65b0\u66c6\u6cd5\u89e3\u91cb\u300b\uff08 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Romani calendarii a Gregorio XIII P.M. restituti explicatio<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u8a73\u7d30\u95e1\u8ff0\u4e86\u6539\u9769\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u88e1\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u75b2\u5026\u5730\u56de\u61c9\u4f86\u81ea\u5404\u65b9\u7684\u8cea\u7591\u8207\u653b\u64ca\uff0c\u70ba\u65b0\u66c6\u6cd5\u7684\u63a8\u884c\u6383\u6e05\u4e86\u7406\u8ad6\u969c\u7919 <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6559\u5b97\u984d\u6211\u7565\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\uff08Pope Gregory XIII, 1502\u20131585\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u984d\u6211\u7565\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u662f\u9019\u5834\u6539\u9769\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6c7a\u7b56\u8005\u8207\u63a8\u52d5\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u4e26\u975e\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u64c1\u6709\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u9060\u898b\u548c\u5805\u5b9a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u9858\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u50c5\u7d44\u5efa\u4e86\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff0c\u9084\u8ce6\u4e88\u5176\u5145\u5206\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u8207\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5728\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u63d0\u4ea4\u6700\u7d42\u5831\u544a\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u679c\u65b7\u5730\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u6b77\u53f2\u6027\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u30021582\u5e742\u670824\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u9812\u5e03\u4e86\u540d\u70ba\u300a\u6700\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u4e4b\u4e8b\u300b\uff08<em>Inter gravissimas<\/em>\uff09\u7684\u6559\u5b97\u8a54\u66f8\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u9ad8\u6559\u6b0a\u547d\u4ee4\u6574\u500b\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u63a1\u7d0d\u65b0\u7684\u66c6\u6cd5 <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u7d00\u5ff5\u4ed6\u7684\u529f\u7e3e\uff0c\u9019\u5957\u65b0\u66c6\u6cd5\u88ab\u547d\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u683c\u91cc\u9ad8\u5229\u66c6\u300d\uff08Gregorian calendar\uff09\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31\u300c\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u300d\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u5893\u7891\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u96d5\u523b\u8457\u6176\u795d\u66c6\u6cd5\u6539\u9769\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6d6e\u96d5\uff0c\u5f70\u986f\u4e86\u9019\u9805\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u5730\u4f4d <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u4e09\u4eba\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u63a8\u52d5\u91cd\u5927\u793e\u6703\u8b8a\u9769\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u8272\uff1a\u91cc\u5229\u70cf\u65af\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u300c\u767c\u660e\u5bb6\u300d\uff0c\u514b\u62c9\u70cf\u662f\u5c07\u601d\u60f3\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6848\u4e26\u70ba\u4e4b\u8faf\u8b77\u7684\u300c\u5be6\u8e10\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u984d\u6211\u7565\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u5247\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u6b0a\u529b\u652f\u6301\u8207\u6c7a\u65b7\u529b\u7684\u300c\u8d0a\u52a9\u8005\u300d\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u74b0\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u9019\u5834\u6539\u9769\u518d\u6b21\u64f1\u6dfa\u3002\u91cc\u5229\u70cf\u65af\u5728\u4eca\u65e5\u76f8\u5c0d\u9ed8\u9ed8\u7121\u805e\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\uff0c\u4e5f\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u73fe\u8c61\uff1a\u5275\u610f\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\u8005\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u88ab\u7ad9\u5728\u53f0\u524d\u7684\u63a8\u884c\u8005\u6216\u64c1\u6709\u6700\u7d42\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6b0a\u7684\u9818\u8896\u6240\u63a9\u84cb\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u82e5\u7121\u91cc\u5229\u70cf\u65af\u90a3\u4efd\u5df2\u4f5a\u5931\u7684\u624b\u7a3f\uff0c\u5f8c\u7e8c\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u7121\u5f9e\u8ac7\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\uff1a\u5049\u5927\u7684\u98db\u8e8d\uff1a\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u6539\u9769\u8207\u5341\u65e5\u7684\u62b9\u9664<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6559\u5b97\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u6700\u7d42\u63a1\u7d0d\u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u512a\u96c5\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u5169\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u9577\u9054\u5343\u5e74\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u9577\u671f\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5247\u662f\u7acb\u7aff\u898b\u5f71\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u6821\u6e96\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5169\u6b65\u8d70\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u65b0\u7684\u7f6e\u958f\u898f\u5247\uff08\u9577\u671f\u4fee\u6b63\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u662f\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u6539\u9769\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5f9e\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u8b93\u66c6\u6cd5\u5e74\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u9577\u5ea6\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u56de\u6b78\u5e74\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u9577\u5ea6\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u898f\u5247\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u516c\u5143\u5e74\u4efd\u662f4\u7684\u500d\u6578\u70ba\u958f\u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u82e5\u662f100\u7684\u500d\u6578\uff0c\u5247\u5fc5\u9808\u540c\u6642\u662f400\u7684\u500d\u6578\u624d\u662f\u958f\u5e74 <sup><\/sup>\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u9019\u689d\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u50cf1600\u5e74\u548c2000\u5e74\u9019\u6a23\u65e2\u80fd\u88ab100\u6574\u9664\u4e5f\u80fd\u88ab400\u6574\u9664\u7684\u4e16\u7d00\u5e74\uff0c\u662f\u958f\u5e74\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u50cf1700\u5e74\u30011800\u5e74\u548c1900\u5e74\u9019\u6a23\u80fd\u88ab100\u6574\u9664\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab400\u6574\u9664\u7684\u5e74\u4efd\uff0c\u5247\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u958f\u5e74\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e73\u5e74 <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u9805\u4fee\u6539\u5de7\u5999\u5730\u5728\u6bcf400\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e863\u500b\u958f\u5e74\uff081700, 1800, 1900\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u6bcf400\u5e74\u6709100\u500b\u958f\u5e74\uff0c\u800c\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u53ea\u670997\u500b\u3002\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5e74\u9577\u8b8a\u70ba 365+40097\u200b=365.2425 \u5929 <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6578\u503c\u8207\u56de\u6b78\u5e74\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u9577\u5ea6 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>365.2422\u5929\u6975\u70ba\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u8aa4\u5dee\u7e2e\u5c0f\u5230\u6bcf\u5e74\u50c5\u7d0426\u79d2\uff0c\u5927\u7d04\u9700\u89813200\u591a\u5e74\u624d\u6703\u7d2f\u7a4d\u51fa\u4e00\u5929\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee\uff0c\u5176\u7cbe\u78ba\u5ea6\u9060\u8d85\u5112\u7565\u66c6 <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u5341\u65e5\u522a\u9664\uff08\u5373\u6642\u6821\u6e96\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u50c5\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u7f6e\u958f\u898f\u5247\u4e26\u4e0d\u8db3\u5920\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u80fd\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee\u7e7c\u7e8c\u64f4\u5927\uff0c\u537b\u7121\u6cd5\u5f4c\u88dc\u904e\u53bb1600\u5e74\u9593\u5df2\u7d93\u7d2f\u7a4d\u8d77\u4f86\u768410\u5929\u504f\u5dee\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u8b93\u6625\u5206\u65e5\u7acb\u523b\u56de\u5230\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u6703\u8b70\u898f\u5b9a\u76843\u670821\u65e5\uff0c\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u63a1\u53d6\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5927\u81bd\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u63aa\u65bd <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6559\u5b97\u8a54\u66f8\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u57281582\u5e7410\u67084\u65e5\uff08\u661f\u671f\u56db\uff09\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u523010\u670815\u65e5\uff08\u661f\u671f\u4e94\uff09 <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u5c31\u9019\u6a23\uff0c10\u67085\u65e5\u81f314\u65e5\u9019\u5341\u5929\u5f9e\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u9577\u6cb3\u4e2d\u88ab\u5fb9\u5e95\u62b9\u53bb\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7d30\u7bc0\u662f\uff0c\u661f\u671f\u7684\u6b21\u5e8f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4fdd\u7559\uff0c\u661f\u671f\u56db\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7dca\u63a5\u8457\u661f\u671f\u4e94\uff0c\u9019\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e86\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u5b97\u6559\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u65e5\u5e38\u4f5c\u606f\u7684\u5e72\u64fe <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6700\u521d\u7684\u793e\u6703\u53cd\u61c9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5118\u7ba1\u9019\u9805\u6539\u9769\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u4e0a\u7121\u53ef\u8faf\u99c1\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u63a8\u884c\u4e4b\u521d\u537b\u5f15\u767c\u4e86\u6c11\u773e\u7684\u56f0\u60d1\u751a\u81f3\u6297\u8b70\u3002\u7576\u6642\u8cc7\u8a0a\u50b3\u64ad\u7de9\u6162\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u96e3\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u4f55\u4ed6\u5011\u300c\u5931\u53bb\u300d\u4e86\u5341\u5929\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u88ab\u5ee3\u6cdb\u8a18\u9304\u7684\u64d4\u6182\u4f86\u81ea\u8fb2\u6c11\u548c\u4f43\u6236\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5bb3\u6015\u5730\u4e3b\u6703\u5229\u7528\u9019\u500b\u7e2e\u77ed\u4e86\u768410\u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u5411\u4ed6\u5011\u6536\u53d6\u4e00\u6574\u500b\u6708\u7684\u79df\u91d1\uff0c\u7b49\u65bc\u662f\u5e73\u767d\u591a\u4ed8\u4e8610\u5929\u7684\u5730\u79df <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u4e9b\u64d4\u6182\u672a\u5fc5\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u6210\u771f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u751f\u52d5\u5730\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u5834\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u8b8a\u9769\uff0c\u5728\u666e\u901a\u6c11\u773e\u5fc3\u4e2d\u6240\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u8207\u731c\u7591\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u88681\uff1a\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u8207\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u70ba\u4e86\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u5c55\u793a\u5169\u7a2e\u66c6\u6cd5\u7684\u6280\u8853\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u4e0b\u8868\u5c0d\u5176\u95dc\u9375\u7279\u6027\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u7e3d\u7d50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td>\u7279\u6027<\/td><td>\u5112\u7565\u66c6 (Julian Calendar)<\/td><td>\u683c\u91cc\u66c6 (Gregorian Calendar)<\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u9812\u5e03\u5e74\u4efd<\/strong><\/td><td>\u516c\u5143\u524d45\u5e74<\/td><td>1582\u5e74<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u5e73\u5747\u5e74\u9577<\/strong><\/td><td>365.25 \u5929<\/td><td>365.2425 \u5929<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u7f6e\u958f\u898f\u5247<\/strong><\/td><td>\u516c\u5143\u5e74\u4efd\u80fd\u88ab4\u6574\u9664\u5373\u70ba\u958f\u5e74\u3002<\/td><td>\u80fd\u88ab4\u6574\u9664\u70ba\u958f\u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u82e5\u80fd\u88ab100\u6574\u9664\uff0c\u9808\u540c\u6642\u80fd\u88ab400\u6574\u9664\u624d\u70ba\u958f\u5e74\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>400\u5e74\u958f\u5e74\u6578<\/strong><\/td><td>100\u500b<\/td><td>97\u500b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u8207\u56de\u6b78\u5e74\u8aa4\u5dee<\/strong><\/td><td>\u7d04\u6bcf128\u5e74\u5feb1\u5929<\/td><td>\u7d04\u6bcf3225\u5e74\u5feb1\u5929<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u4e16\u7d00\u5e74\u7bc4\u4f8b<\/strong><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1600\u5e74<\/td><td>\u958f\u5e74<\/td><td>\u958f\u5e74 (\u53ef\u88ab400\u6574\u9664)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1700\u5e74<\/td><td>\u958f\u5e74<\/td><td>\u5e73\u5e74 (\u4e0d\u53ef\u88ab400\u6574\u9664)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1800\u5e74<\/td><td>\u958f\u5e74<\/td><td>\u5e73\u5e74 (\u4e0d\u53ef\u88ab400\u6574\u9664)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1900\u5e74<\/td><td>\u958f\u5e74<\/td><td>\u5e73\u5e74 (\u4e0d\u53ef\u88ab400\u6574\u9664)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2000\u5e74<\/td><td>\u958f\u5e74<\/td><td>\u958f\u5e74 (\u53ef\u88ab400\u6574\u9664)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\uff1a\u88ab\u6642\u9593\u5206\u5272\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff1a\u63a1\u7d0d\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8207\u6df7\u4e82<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u6539\u9769\u7684\u63a8\u884c\uff0c\u6070\u9022\u6b50\u6d32\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e00\u500b\u6975\u5176\u52d5\u76ea\u7684\u6642\u671f\u2014\u2014\u65b0\u6559\u6539\u9769\uff08Protestant Reformation\uff09\u3002\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e00\u5834\u672c\u61c9\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u5b97\u6559\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u8abf\u6574\uff0c\u8fc5\u901f\u6f14\u8b8a\u70ba\u4e00\u5834\u5145\u6eff\u653f\u6cbb\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u89d2\u529b\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u5927\u9678\u4e0a\u5283\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u9053\u9577\u9054\u6578\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u300c\u6642\u9593\u88c2\u75d5\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u90e8\u88fd\u9020\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u66c6\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6559\u5b97\u984d\u6211\u7565\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u7684\u8a54\u66f8\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u570b\u5bb6\u800c\u8a00\u662f\u5fc5\u9808\u9075\u5f9e\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u3001\u8461\u8404\u7259\u3001\u6ce2\u862d\u806f\u90a6\u4ee5\u53ca\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u8af8\u90a6\u7b49\u570b\uff0c\u57281582\u5e7410\u6708\u4fbf\u7387\u5148\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u66c6\u6cd5\u8f49\u63db <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u6cd5\u570b\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u570b\u5bb6\u4e5f\u7dca\u96a8\u5176\u5f8c\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u7576\u6642\u6b63\u8207\u7f85\u99ac\u6559\u5ef7\u6fc0\u70c8\u5c0d\u6297\u7684\u65b0\u6559\u570b\u5bb6\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u90e8\u7531\u6559\u5b97\u9812\u5e03\u7684\u66c6\u6cd5\uff0c\u7121\u7570\u65bc\u627f\u8a8d\u6559\u5b97\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u51fa\u65bc\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u4e0a\u7684\u6575\u610f\uff0c\u7d55\u5927\u591a\u6578\u65b0\u6559\u570b\u5bb6\u90fd\u62d2\u7d55\u63a1\u7d0d\u683c\u91cc\u66c6 <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5fb7\u570b\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\u7d04\u7ff0\u5167\u65af\u00b7\u514b\u535c\u52d2\uff08Johannes Kepler\uff09\u66fe\u8af7\u523a\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u65b0\u6559\u5f92\u5011\u300c\u5be7\u9858\u8207\u592a\u967d\u6709\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9858\u8207\u6559\u5b97\u9054\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u300d\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u7a2e\u5c0d\u7acb\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u6b50\u6d32\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u5169\u7a2e\u66c6\u6cd5\u4e26\u884c\u7684\u5947\u7279\u666f\u8c61\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u5546\u4eba\u5728\u4fe1\u5949\u65b0\u6559\u7684\u6f22\u5821\u5beb\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\uff0c\u5bc4\u5f80\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u79d1\u9686\uff0c\u4fe1\u4ef6\u7684\u767c\u51fa\u65e5\u671f\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u5230\u9054\u65e5\u671f\u9084\u8981\u665a\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u6df7\u4e82\u6301\u7e8c\u4e86\u8d85\u904e350\u5e74\uff0c\u76f4\u523020\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0c\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u624d\u771f\u6b63\u6210\u70ba\u5168\u7403\u6027\u7684\u6a19\u6e96 <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5ef6\u9072\u63a1\u7d0d\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5927\u82f1\u5e1d\u570b\u8207\u5317\u7f8e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730 (1752\u5e74)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u82f1\u570b\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5805\u5b9a\u7684\u65b0\u6559\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u62b5\u5236\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u9577\u9054170\u5e74\u4e4b\u4e45\u3002\u76f4\u52301752\u5e74\uff0c\u51fa\u65bc\u8207\u6b50\u6d32\u5927\u9678\u8cbf\u6613\u548c\u5916\u4ea4\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\u8b70\u6703\u624d\u6700\u7d42\u901a\u904e\u300a\u66c6\u6cd5\uff08\u65b0\u5f0f\uff09\u6cd5\u68481750\u300b\uff08Calendar (New Style) Act 1750\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u6642\uff0c\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee\u5df2\u7d93\u56e0\u70ba1700\u5e74\u9019\u500b\u958f\u5e74\uff08\u5728\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u4e2d\u662f\u5e73\u5e74\uff09\u800c\u591a\u7d2f\u7a4d\u4e86\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u9054\u5230\u4e8611\u5929\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u57281752\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u5927\u82f1\u5e1d\u570b\u53ca\u5176\u5317\u7f8e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\uff08\u5373\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u66c6\u6cd5\u8f49\u63db\uff1a9\u67082\u65e5\u661f\u671f\u4e09\u7684\u6b21\u65e5\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u5230\u4e869\u670814\u65e5\u661f\u671f\u56db <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u64da\u50b3\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u502b\u6566\u8857\u982d\u66fe\u7206\u767c\u6c11\u773e\u6297\u8b70\uff0c\u9ad8\u558a\u300c\u9084\u621111\u5929\uff01\u300d\uff08Give us our eleven days!\uff09\u7684\u53e3\u865f\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u9019\u500b\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u6027\u5b58\u7591\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u751f\u52d5\u5730\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u666e\u901a\u6c11\u773e\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u7a2e\u6642\u9593\u88ab\u300c\u525d\u596a\u300d\u7684\u56f0\u60d1\u8207\u4e0d\u6eff\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7576\u6642\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u53cd\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u60c5\u7dd2 <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u5e1d\u570b (1918\u5e74)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4fe1\u5949\u6771\u6b63\u6559\u7684\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u5e1d\u570b\uff0c\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u4e0a\u8207\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5206\u96e2\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u9577\u671f\u5805\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u3002\u76f4\u52301917\u5e74\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u7206\u767c\u5f8c\uff0c\u65b0\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u8607\u7dad\u57c3\u653f\u6b0a\u70ba\u4e86\u8207\u570b\u969b\u63a5\u8ecc\uff0c\u624d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5ee2\u9664\u820a\u66c6\u30021918\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u4fc4\u570b\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a1\u7d0d\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u3002\u6b64\u6642\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u53c8\u7d93\u6b77\u4e861800\u5e74\u548c1900\u5e74\u5169\u500b\u958f\u5e74\uff0c\u8aa4\u5dee\u5df2\u7d93\u7d2f\u7a4d\u5230\u4e8613\u5929\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4fc4\u570b\u7684\u66c6\u6cd5\u8f49\u63db\u662f\u5c071918\u5e741\u670831\u65e5\u7684\u6b21\u65e5\u5b9a\u70ba2\u670814\u65e5 <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u4e5f\u76f4\u63a5\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u6096\u8ad6\uff08\u8a73\u898b\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\uff09\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e16\u754c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5340<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5316\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7de9\u6162\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u4e9e\u6d32\u570b\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u660e\u6cbb\u7dad\u65b0\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u65bc1873\u5e74\u70ba\u4e86\u897f\u5316\u800c\u63a1\u7d0d\u683c\u91cc\u66c6 <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u4e2d\u83ef\u6c11\u570b\u5247\u57281912\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u6642\uff0c\u5c07\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u5b9a\u70ba\u570b\u66c6\uff0c\u53d6\u4ee3\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u8fb2\u66c6 <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u6b50\u6d32\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u500b\u63a1\u7d0d\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u662f\u5e0c\u81d8\uff0c\u76f4\u52301923\u5e74\u624d\u5b8c\u6210\u6c11\u7528\u66c6\u6cd5\u7684\u8f49\u63db <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u88682\uff1a\u4e0d\u65b7\u64f4\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\uff1a\u70ba\u4f55\u5f8c\u4f86\u7684\u63a1\u7d0d\u8005\u8df3\u904e\u66f4\u591a\u5929\u6578<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee\u662f\u6301\u7e8c\u7d2f\u7a4d\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u8868\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u70ba\u4f55\u4e0d\u540c\u6642\u671f\u63a1\u7d0d\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u9700\u8981\u8df3\u904e\u4e0d\u540c\u5929\u6578\u3002\u5176\u95dc\u9375\u5728\u65bc\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e16\u7d00\u5e74\uff08\u59821700, 1800, 1900\uff09\u662f\u958f\u5e74\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u4e2d\u662f\u5e73\u5e74\u3002\u6bcf\u7d93\u904e\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u500b\u5e74\u4efd\uff0c\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u5c31\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u5929\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td>\u65e5\u671f\u7bc4\u570d<\/td><td>\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u7684\u4e16\u7d00\u958f\u5e74 \/ \u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u7684\u4e16\u7d00\u5e73\u5e74<\/td><td>\u7d2f\u7a4d\u5dee\u8ddd<\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1582\u5e7410\u670815\u65e5 \u2013 1700\u5e742\u670828\u65e5<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>10 \u5929<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1700\u5e743\u67081\u65e5 \u2013 1800\u5e742\u670828\u65e5<\/td><td>1700\u5e74<\/td><td>11 \u5929<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1800\u5e743\u67081\u65e5 \u2013 1900\u5e742\u670828\u65e5<\/td><td>1800\u5e74<\/td><td>12 \u5929<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1900\u5e743\u67081\u65e5 \u2013 2100\u5e742\u670828\u65e5<\/td><td>1900\u5e74<\/td><td>13 \u5929<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u88683\uff1a\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u5168\u7403\u63a1\u7d0d\u6642\u9593\u7dda\uff08\u90e8\u5206\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u8868\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u5340\u63a1\u7d0d\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u7a81\u986f\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u9577\u671f\u6027\u548c\u5168\u7403\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td>\u63a1\u7d0d\u5e74\u4efd<\/td><td>\u570b\u5bb6 \/ \u5730\u5340<\/td><td>\u8df3\u904e\u5929\u6578<\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1582\u5e74<\/td><td>\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u3001\u8461\u8404\u7259\u3001\u6cd5\u862d\u897f\u3001\u6ce2\u862d\u3001\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u8af8\u90a6<\/td><td>10 \u5929<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1587\u5e74<\/td><td>\u5308\u7259\u5229<\/td><td>10 \u5929<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1700\u5e74<\/td><td>\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u53ca\u745e\u58eb\u65b0\u6559\u5730\u5340\u3001\u4e39\u9ea5\u3001\u632a\u5a01<\/td><td>11 \u5929<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1752\u5e74<\/td><td>\u5927\u82f1\u5e1d\u570b\uff08\u542b\u5317\u7f8e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\uff09<\/td><td>11 \u5929<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1753\u5e74<\/td><td>\u745e\u5178<\/td><td>11 \u5929<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1873\u5e74<\/td><td>\u65e5\u672c<\/td><td>13 \u5929<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1912\u5e74<\/td><td>\u4e2d\u83ef\u6c11\u570b<\/td><td>13 \u5929<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1918\u5e74<\/td><td>\u8607\u4fc4<\/td><td>13 \u5929<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1923\u5e74<\/td><td>\u5e0c\u81d8<\/td><td>13 \u5929<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1926\u5e74<\/td><td>\u571f\u8033\u5176<\/td><td>13 \u5929<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\uff1a\u6642\u9593\u7684\u5947\u805e\u8207\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u56de\u97ff<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9577\u9054\u6578\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u66c6\u6cd5\u6df7\u4e82\uff0c\u50ac\u751f\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u5947\u805e\u8efc\u4e8b\u548c\u96e3\u89e3\u7684\u8a08\u6642\u96e3\u984c\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6545\u4e8b\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u8da3\u805e\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5982\u540c\u6642\u9593\u7684\u300c\u5316\u77f3\u300d\uff0c\u5c01\u5b58\u4e86\u90a3\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u5c1a\u672a\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u300c\u6642\u9593\u300d\u672c\u8eab\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u653f\u6cbb\u8207\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5efa\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u745e\u5178\u5be6\u9a57\u8207\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e00\u5929\uff1a2\u670830\u65e5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6240\u6709\u66c6\u6cd5\u8f49\u63db\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u745e\u5178\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\u6700\u70ba\u96e2\u5947\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u6559\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u745e\u5178\u540c\u6a23\u4e0d\u9858\u7acb\u5373\u807d\u5f9e\u6559\u5b97\u7684\u865f\u4ee4\u3002\u572817\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\uff0c\u745e\u5178\u653f\u5e9c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u63a1\u53d6\u4e00\u7a2e\u7368\u7279\u7684\u300c\u6f38\u9032\u5f0f\u300d\u65b9\u6848\u4f86\u904e\u6e21\u5230\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8a08\u5283\u662f\uff1a\u5f9e1700\u5e74\u52301740\u5e74\uff0c\u53d6\u6d88\u901940\u5e74\u9593\u6240\u6709\u768411\u500b\u958f\u65e5\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u6bcf\u5929\u7e2e\u6e1b\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u57281740\u5e743\u67081\u65e5\u8207\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5c0d\u9f4a <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u500b\u770b\u4f3c\u5de7\u5999\u7684\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u5c31\u6ce8\u5b9a\u8981\u5931\u6557\u30021700\u5e74\uff0c\u745e\u5178\u4eba\u78ba\u5be6\u53d6\u6d88\u4e86\u7576\u5e74\u7684\u958f\u65e5\uff082\u670829\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u745e\u5178\u66c6\u6bd4\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u5feb\u4e86\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u4f46\u6bd4\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\u6162\u4e86\u5341\u5929\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u5317\u65b9\u5927\u6230\uff08Great Northern War\uff09\u7206\u767c\uff0c\u745e\u5178\u570b\u738b\u67e5\u7406\u5341\u4e8c\u4e16\u6df1\u9677\u8207\u4fc4\u570b\u7684\u9577\u671f\u6230\u722d\uff0c\u66c6\u6cd5\u6539\u9769\u9019\u7a2e\u300c\u5c0f\u4e8b\u300d\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u88ab\u62cb\u8af8\u8166\u5f8c\u3002\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5fd8\u8a18\u4e86\u7e7c\u7e8c\u57f7\u884c\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u57281704\u5e74\u548c1708\u5e74\uff0c\u745e\u5178\u4f9d\u7136\u904e\u4e86\u958f\u5e74 <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u707d\u96e3\u6027\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\uff1a\u745e\u5178\u64c1\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u90e8\u7368\u4e00\u7121\u4e8c\u7684\u300c\u745e\u5178\u66c6\u300d\uff0c\u65e2\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u5112\u7565\u66c6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u683c\u91cc\u66c6\uff0c\u8207\u6b50\u6d32\u6240\u6709\u570b\u5bb6\u90fd\u7121\u6cd5\u540c\u6b65 <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u7d42\u7d50\u9019\u7a2e\u6df7\u4e82\uff0c\u67e5\u7406\u5341\u4e8c\u4e16\u57281712\u5e74\u6c7a\u5b9a\u653e\u68c4\u9019\u500b\u5931\u6557\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u5148\u56de\u5230\u5112\u7565\u66c6\uff0c\u5f85\u65e5\u5f8c\u518d\u505a\u6253\u7b97\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u5982\u4f55\u56de\u53bb\u5462\uff1f\u7576\u6642\u745e\u5178\u66c6\u6bd4\u5112\u7565\u66c6\u5feb\u4e86\u4e00\u5929\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u89e3\u6c7a\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u63a1\u53d6\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u7a7a\u524d\u7d55\u5f8c\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff1a\u57281712\u5e74\u76842\u6708\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u984d\u5916\u7684\u300d\u958f\u65e5\u3002\u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u57282\u670829\u65e5\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u745e\u5178\u7684\u65e5\u66c6\u4e0a\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7d55\u7121\u50c5\u6709\u7684\u4e00\u5929\u2014\u2014<strong>1712\u5e742\u670830\u65e5<\/strong> <sup><\/sup>\u3002\u76f4\u523041\u5e74\u5f8c\u76841753\u5e74\uff0c\u745e\u5178\u624d\u6700\u7d42\u50cf\u82f1\u570b\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8df3\u904e11\u5929\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a1\u7d0d\u4e86\u683c\u91cc\u66c6 <sup><\/sup>\u3002 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 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